"Listerine"

Listerine was first sold as a mouthwash in 1914. Previously it was used exclusively by dentists. Before converting to a cheaper plastic bottle, Listerine was also sold in a glass bottle and relied on heavy advertising campaigns to create business. At one point, Listerine claimed to help cure or prevent colds, but a study showed that this was not the case and Listerine had to change their campaign.

Proper tooth care involves a lot more than just brushing. Flossing and using mouthwash have become an essential part of dental hygiene, and one of the leading mouth wash providers is Listerine. Listerine is a whole line of mouthwash products, designed to cater to every type of mouth and flavor preference.

Listerine has many benefits when used. Along with freshening breath, Listerine helps fight plaque and gum diseases such as gingivitis.Each different type of Listerine helps fight off specific maladies, but they all focus on keeping your mouth clean and should become a part of your daily oral hygiene to keep your mouth in the best shape possible.

Listerine is used like any other mouthwash. Swish a small amount in your mouth for 30 seconds. Do not swallow it, because the ingredients could do harm to your stomach. Spit out the mouthwash after 30 seconds. Do this every time after you have brushed and flossed to achieve full effectiveness.

Soft Drinks

The average PH of soft drinks, e.g. Coca-Cola & Pepsi is with PH 3.4. Level of acidity is strong enough to dissolve teeth and bones! Our bodies stop to grow bones at the age around the 30th.

After that, bones will be dissolved every year through urine depending on the level of acidity of the food we eat. All dissolved calcium will be collected and gathered in arterial, intravenous, skin, tendon and organs, which affect kidney function in assisting the form of stones kidney. Soft drinks have no nutritional value (in the case of vitamins and minerals). They have higher sugar contents, more acid and many aditif substances like preservative and coloring agent. While people like to drink cold soft drink after meals, try to guess what will happen?

The results is，Our body temperature have a optimum 37 degree so that the enzyme digestion will work. The temperature of cold soft drinks far below 37 degree, sometimes approaching 0 degree. This reduces the effectiveness from enzyme and putting pressure to our digestion system, digest lesser food, even though the food are fermented. Fermented food produces odor, gas, and the rest of the decay and finally toxic which absorbed by the intestine, and then eventually spread by blood to our entire body.

Soft drinks leads to:

Increased rates of bone fracture

Increased long-term risk for osteoporosis (particularly in girls)

Increased risk for overweight and obesity

Increased risk for Type II Diabetes

Increased risk for kidney stones

Which plastic water bottles don't leach chemicals?

"Choose your water bottles very carefully in order to prevent chemicals in the plastic from leaching into your water."

Plastic water bottles are very convenient for carting water around when we are on the go, as they don't break if we drop them.
To be certain that you are choosing a bottle that does not leach, check the recycling symbol on your bottle. If it is a #2 HDPE (high density polyethylene), or a #4 LDPE (low density polyethylene), or a #5 PP (polypropylene), your bottle is fine. The type of plastic bottle in which water is usually sold is usually a #1, and is only recommended for one time use. Do not refill it. Better to use a reusable water bottle, and fill it with your own filtered water from home and keep these single-use bottles out of the landfill.

Unfortunately, those fabulous colourful hard plastic lexan bottles made with polycarbonate plastics and identified by the #7 recycling symbol, may leach BPA. Bisphenol A is a xenoestrogen, a known endocrine disruptor, meaning it disturbs the hormonal messaging in our bodies. Synthetic xenoestrogens are linked to breast cancer and uterine cancer in women, decreased testosterone levels in men, and are particularly devastating to babies and young children.

Check the recycling numbers on all your plastic food containers as well, and gradually move to storing all food in glass or ceramic.

Soap

Basic Method

A small plastic dishpan, about 10" x 12"
A glass or enamel 2-quart saucepan
1 can of lye (sodium hydroxide), 12 ounces
3 pounds of lard
Plastic gloves [really; use eye-protection too]
Water

1. Pour 3 cups of very cold water (refrigerate water overnight first) into the 2-quart saucepan.
2. Slowly and carefully add the lye, a little bit at a time, stirring it with the a wooden or plastic utensil. (Use plastic gloves for this; test them for holes first.) Do not breathe the vapor or lean over the container or have children nearby. Above all _use no metal_. The mixture will get very hot. In olden days, a sassafras branch was used to stir, imparting a fragrance and insect deterrent for mosquitoes, lice, fleas and ticks.
3. Let cool at least one hour in a safe place. Meanwhile, the unwrapped lard should be warming up to room temperature in the plastic dishpan.
4. Slowly and carefully, pour the lye solution into the dishpan with the lard. The lard will melt. Mix thoroughly, at least 15 minutes, until it looks like thick pudding.
5. Let it set until the next morning, then cut it into bars. It will get harder after a few days. Then package.

If you wish to make soap based on olive oil, use about 48 ounces. It may need to harden for a week.

Introduction:

Soap is a mixture of sodium salts of various naturally occurring fatty acids. Air bubbles added to a molten soap will decrease the density of the soap and thus it will float on water. If the fatty acid salt has potassium rather than sodium, a softer lather is the result.

Soap is produced by a saponification or basic hydrolysis reaction of a fat or oil. Currently, sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide is used to neutralize the fatty acid and convert it to the salt.

General overall hydrolysis reaction:

fat + NaOH ---> glycerol + sodium salt of fatty acid

Although the reaction is shown as a one step reaction, it is in fact two steps. The net effect as that the ester bonds are broken. The glycerol turns back into an alcohol (addition of the green H's). The fatty acid portion is turned into a salt because of the presence of a basic solution of the NaOH. In the carboxyl group, one oxygen (red) now has a negative charge that attracts the positive sodium ion.